THE ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF SOME NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS ON THE BITTER ROT APPLE

Abstract

Bitter fruit rot is an extremely damaging disease in all countries where apple cultivation is predominant. The pathogen attacks the fruits, especially those that are injured or stored in conditions unsuitable for preservation. The biological material (apple)was collected from the Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti Maracineni. Using derivatives of dithiocarbamic acid, cinnamic acid, carbamate ester, nicotinic acid and copper hydroxide, they were evaluated in order to control the colony growth of mycelium, at the concentrations recommended in agriculture by the specialized literature. Although the minimum inhibitory concentration of the chemical compounds on the growth of the pathogen has been established, in order to avoid the excessive use of these compounds. In the present study, the optimal dose of use of some plant extracts was used for crop protection. Mancozeb had a special efficacy in all the studied variants, and among the used extracts. The Capsicum extract at the concentration of 15 μg/ml inhibited the growth of mycelium with a value close to that of copper hydroxide 0.2% and higher than the pyraclostrobin + boscalid combination.