RESEARCH ON RUNOFF AND SOIL EROSION IN THE ȚĂRNII VALLEY HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN FROM TUTOVA ROLLING HILS, ROMANIA, DURING 2019-2021

Abstract

The paper presents the experimental results obtained in the period 2019-2021 regarding erosion and runoff processes, measured at standard plots for runoff control. They are located on the left slope of Ţărnii Valley, Tutova Rolling Hills, eastern Romania, on soft soils (cambic chernozem), developed on a loamy substrate, moderately eroded, with a slope of 12%.

The annual average of precipitation is 442.6 mm. The total number of plots is 10, of which 8 plots have an area of 100 m² (25 x 4 m) with a strip between them of 1 m wide, and the other two have an area of 150 m² (37.5 x 4 m). Eight plots were cultivated with various crops, such as: corn, wheat, beans, soy, sunflower and bromus. Two control plots, of 100 m² and 150 m², are maintained as permanent bare field.

Also, annually, one of the cultures exists both in the 100 m² and in the 150 m² version. The average soil loss during the studied period was 0.0 t/ha/year for bromus, 0.274 t/ha/year for soybean, 1.220 t/ha/year for wheat, 2.503 t/ha/year for pea stubble, 11.083 t/ha/year in maize and 44.261 t/ha/year in permanent bare field.

During the growing season, the peak of erosion rates for permanent bare field, wheat, maize, flower and soybean was recorded in June, while for the pea crop the maximum value was recorded in August and for the bean crop the maximum value was recorded in May.