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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Carina DOBRE, Elena TOMA

The experimental research regarding the cultivation of Benincasa hispida (commonly known like winter melon, wax gourd or ash gourd) in Romania was for the first time conducted in the ‘60s. Over time, the proprieties of this plant were analysed by various researchers but until present didn’t exist a scientific result regarding the commercial cultivation of this plant in our country. To support the research regarding the cultivation of BHS in Romania we conducted in the last two years an experimental field to observe the adaptation of this plant to the local agropedoclimatic conditions. The research was carried out in an ecological field from south of Romania from a plain area. The results obtain demonstrate that the plant has adapted to the climatic condition from the 2012-2013 period and our main conclusion is that BHS can be grown in our country with good technological performances.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Ratu SAFITRI, Septyana DEWI V., Nia ROSSIANA, Sri REJEKI R., Suseno AMIEN

Research has been conducted to determine the effectiveness of lignocellulolytic fungi biodegradation, either single or consortium, as well as the effective dose of inoculum in the process of biodegradation of waste oil palm empty fruit bunches. This research used experimental methods to Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 4 x 3 factorial in three replications. The first factor were species of fungi, Rhizopus oryzae (j1), Penicillium citrinum (j2), Aspergillus nidulans (j3) and consortium of Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus nidulans (j4). Second factor was inoculum dosage (D), 0% (d0), 5% (d1) and 10% (d2). The results showed that Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus nidulans singly gave the result by decreasing 35.78%, 27.02% and 21.60% C/N ratio, while a consortium of Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus nidulans gave the result by decreasing 23.40% C/N ratio. Decrease in C/N ratio suggests that Rhizopus oryzae and Penicillium citrinum either single or consortium is more effectiveused in the process of palm oil empty fruit bunches waste biodegradation. In addition, 5% was the most effective inoculums dosage during the biodegradation process by decreasing 33.73% C/N ratio 30 days.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Valentina BOZHKOVA

Breeding evaluation of 20 plum hybrids from three different populations was carried out in the period 2010 - 2012. The scoring was made on the base of leaves and fruits visual observation for Sharka symptoms as well as on the biometric and chemical analyses of the fruits. Summarizing all data and comparing with the standard ‘Stanley’ three hybrids were selected for the next step of the breeding programme.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Florin STAN

In recent years the use of rabbits and chinchillas as experimental model both in human and veterinary medicine and as pets is gaining ground detriment to the carnivores. Moreover, major human intervention in their diet, leading to the artificiality of a major part of the food, justifies the acquisition of specific morphological knowledge to each organ. Changing the composition of nutrients increases the risk of many digestive disorders, especially digestive organs themselves. The aim of this study is achieving morphological and topographic description of the first important component of post diaphragmatic digestive tract - the stomach. We used 10 rabbits and 10 chinchillas. The subjects were clinically healthy and of different weights and ages. Gross dissection was perform in all subjects. In both species the stomach is simple. The transition from the esophageal mucosa to the gastric mucosa is clearly marked. The gastro esophageal sphincter is very visible, placed in the middle of the small curvature. The distal esophageal mucosa has a serrated pattern, making a strong gastro esophageal sphincter. In rabbit, the stomach shows thin walls with well individualized cardia and pilor orifices. The fornix is visible, located dorsal of the cardia orifice. Before the pyloric opening a narrow segment is visible - the pyloric antrum (Antrum pyloricum). The pylorus is mostly compressed by the duodenum and the left lobe of the liver. The gastric mucosa presents itself as a glandular type on its entire surface. At chinchillas, the stomach is oriented transversally and lies mainly caudal to the rib cage, slightly left deviated. The angular notch is sharpest and the dorsal region of the stomach is at the same level with the pylorus. The gastric folds are much more obvious in the stomach body than in the juxtacardial region. Both in rabits and chinchillas, the stomach present numerous similarities regarding the topography, divisions, pattern and relationships with adjacent organs. Significant differences exist in the mucosa, and the presence of an individualized fornix and a well-developed pyloric antrum in rabbits, compared with chinchilla.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Milena NIKOLOVA, Antonina VITKOVA, Ely ZAYOVA, Maria PETROVA

Total flavonoid and phenolic content, antiradical properties and external flavonoid profiles on extracts of six samples of flower heads of cultivated Arnica montana was assessed. The studied samples were compared in relation to location of cultivation, origin of the seeds, time of harvesting, method of propagation: in vitro and in vivo. Four flavonoid aglycones were detected of examined exudates by co-chromatography with known compounds - scutellarein-6-methyl ether (hispidulin), scutellarein 6,4’-dimethyl ether (pectolinarigenin), 6-hydroxyluteolin 6-methyl ether and kaempferol 6-methyl ether. Quality differences in flavonoid composition were not observed between the studied samples while quantitative variations of total flavonoid and phenolic content were detected but in the most cases they a statistically not significant. The highest antioxidant properties displayed the samples from in vivo grown plants. As a result of the present preliminary study it was established that the best values of studied parameters showed the sample of in vivo grown plants, from seeds with Ukrainian origin, cultivated in Rhodope Mountain, collected at full flowering stage.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Isa HAZBAVI

Avoiding damage to fruit species the permissible falling height and permissible static pressure are of great importance. The shape of fruits is important in planning harvesting and handling operations, the latter in selecting the height of transport containers. Fruit is generally transported in containers. The static and dynamic forces which then act on the fruit will cause damage if they exceed the given value. The static force may be calculated from the weight of the fruit column being transported while the dynamic load is a consequence of vibration caused by transport. The permitted static load for a given fruit may be determined experimentally. In this study, physical properties of interest were determined for fresh kiwi fruit, then calculations for the design of a suitable height were conducted based on the measured properties using Ross and Isaacs’s theory. Maximum height for packing and storing of fresh kiwi fruit in the box was determined to be less than 93 cm based on a rupture force of 21 N.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Svetlana POPEL, Elena DRAGANOVA, Lidia PARSHAKOVA, Janna CROPOTOVA, Iulia CONDRASHOVA, Alexandra COLESNICENCO

The study describes the development of complex groups containing iron under various forms in order to combine the latter with vitamins. The complex compositions include ferric sulphate, ferrous fumarate, elemental iron, vitamins from the B group and niacin. Flour was used as ‘excipient’ and was fortified with these complexes in two steps: autumnal, consisting of freshly-harvested raw material and stored when temperatures decrease; springtime, consisting of grains stored for a long time when temperatures are high. Sensory parameters of bakery products manufactured from fortified flour made of various premixes and having passed through all different storage periods did not present any variations between one another, nor compared to control samples made of flour to which nothing was added.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Alexandru MEXI, Elisabeta DOBRESCU

The majority of the cities worldwide were built next to water. The need for water consumption, water transport, waterbased industry, water defense etc. influenced a city's history and development. However, the last decades show a continuing concern for the aesthetics of a city's waterfront. Based on the idea that "waterfront is an extraordinary resource for a city, to be used ‘strategically’ to revitalize and reinforce its economy and to ‘build’ or consolidate its specific ‘image’ (Bruttomesso, 2006) cities on the Danube developed major waterfront reconstruction programs. However, Danube's landscape potential in Romanian cities is seldom exploited. Calarasi city's new urban projects now include the redevelopment of both its Danube riverfront and its main arteries. The aims are to revitalize a former industrial city image and to invite the people to regain both the city's riverfront and its unexploited public spaces. To this end, research was conducted on both the city's inhabited structure and on the urban unexploited landscape potential. The results and diagnosis led to drawing strategic directions on future urban landscape transformation and on applying concrete concepts for landscape management. The strategy proposes incorporation of old, new and future social-urban poles into a modern and coherent urban system. Detailed solutions have been proposed for key urban development areas and for small squares and green strips alike.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Janna CROPOTOVA, Svetlana POPEL, Alexandra COLESNICENCO, Ludmila MELNICENCO

Fruit samples of 20 yellow-fleshed peach of the variety “Collins” were collected from the experimental orchards of. “Surinmih”, Ltd (Rezina region, Lalovo village, Republic of Moldova) in July 2013, and stored frozen at -20ºC for one month. These were tested for pH, soluble solids and total titratable acidity before being used in fruit filling production. The same physicochemical characteristics were determined in fillings prepared from these peaches, and the difference between the quality parameters of raw material and the final product was established. This study also addresses the impact of adding heat-stable complex containing gellan gum and amylopectin starch in the peach filling prepared in open kettles on the total polyphenol content. We investigated how total polyphenols from the unpeeled peach puree thawed after one month of freezer storage were affected by short-time concentration during fruit filling preparation and how heat-stable complex was able to save a part of these essential compounds. Our results indicate that processing peach puree into fruit fillings resulted in decreasing the total polyphenols, but the finished products could still be considered excellent sources of these bioactive compounds after adding heat-stable complex containing gellan gum and amylopectin starch.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Vol. 2 Issue 2
Written by Mara GEORGESCU, Constantin SAVU, Gabriela VULPE, Iuliana NEAGU, Ileana PĂUNESCU

In the light of new and relevant scientific information regarding the increased risk of association of OTA hazard with food commodities such as meat and organs, on one hand and considering the documented update available through the scientific data freshness indicating the appropriateness of HPLC for increased performance in OTA testing in such food commodities, on the other hand, we assessed the need of re-validation and re-verification of OTA control measures in two example food products. The results of this assessment indicated that re-validation and rethinking of verification are strongly needed from the perspective of FBOs responsibility in guaranteeing the safety of their final products The results of re-validation and re-verification processes for “toba” meat product and for generic pork ham, as dried cured meat product, as presented in verification charts and discussed, were proven appropriate for the considered case study.

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