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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 6, Number 2
Written by Alexandra Mihaela POPA, Valentina SIMION, Iuliana CODREANU, Cristina FERNOAGĂ, Mihai CORNILĂ, Mario CODREANU

This paper briefly reviews the basic definitions of hematuria, the common causes and the prevalence of this simptom on dogs and cats. This study was conducted in the Clinic of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in the period between 1.10. 2016 – 1.02.2017 using IDEXX UA dipstick, IDEXX VetLab UA, Refractometer RHCN 200ATC and Grant Bio PCV- 2400 Combined Centrifuge.Data collected recorded 65 animals,with felines obtaining precentage of 42% and canine 28% in regard of hematuria prevlance by species.In case of hematuria prevalence based on gender we registered 62% males and 38% females.In hematuria prevalence by age we listed 32% of animales cu age range between 6-10 years, 31% with 1-5 years, and also 31% over 10 years, and 6% less than a year. From a total of 51 urinary dipstick who tested positive, we discovered on the examination of urine sediment that 46 samples confirms, and 5 samples offered a false - positive. Of the 71 samples analyzed 76% were within the macroscopic hematuria and 24% to microscopic hematuria, and 28% of the samples showed no hematuria. As a conlcusion hematuria is a common finding of urological pathology and it is important to known the risk factors of every species.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 6, Number 1
Written by Radmila PIVIĆ, Aleksandra STANOJKOVIĆ-SEBIĆ, Jelena MAKSIMOVIĆ, Dragana JOŠIĆ, Zoran DINIĆ

This paper presents the results of testing the quality of water for irrigation during the growing seasons 2012/2013, in the basin of the Velika (“Great“) Morava River, from Batovac to Varvarin (Gornji Katun), in three monitoring cycles on 20 selected sites belonging to agricultural area under irrigation. It was established that the quality of the surface water corresponded to the standards for irrigation according to pH, conductivity (ECw), dissolved solids (TDS), ion balance: Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, chlorides (Cl-), sulfates (SO42-), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). The content of the following trace elements and heavy metals was determined: Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, B, As, Fe, Hg. The obtained results imposed that the contents of trace elements and heavy metals in the studied water samples were in the recommended limits. The obtained results also implies on very strong linear correlation for ECw-B in the studied water samples, and moderate linear dependence TDS-Ni; Cr-Fe; Cr-Ni; Cd-Ni; Cr-Pb; Fe-Ni; Fe-Pb; Ni-Pb. Data analysis revealed that the anthropogenic impact on River Velika Morava water in the investigated area does not affect water quality with a view to its applicability for irrigation purposes. Based on results of analysis of water quality of River Velika Morava it can be concluded that it is usable for irrigation of crops and soil with restrictions and frequent quality checking during the summer months.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 5, Number 1
Written by Stefan MANN

This paper takes its starting point in Potters finding that neoliberalism, neomercantilism and multifunctionality are the most important discourses shaping agricultural policy. It identifies paradigms that underlie the discourses of neoliberalism and multifunctionality, while neomercantilism can be shown to miss a firm normative framework. The paper uses a utilitarian perspective and concludes in its analysis of the paradigms’ arguments that the realities taken into account for the multifunctional framework are more holistic than for the justification of neoliberalism.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 5, Number 2
Written by Cristinel CONSTANDACHE, Adrian PETICILĂ, Lucian DINCĂ, Diana VASILE

An important percentage of Romania’s agricultural area is represented by degraded agricultural lands that can no longer be used for agriculture but can be ecologically and economically improved. One such method, respectively the use of shrubs, is supported by research conducted in Valea-Sării and Bârseşti experimental perimeters from Vidra Experimental Forest District, Vrancea County. Sustained by the concept of agroforestry, this method is used for the improvement of the degraded lands. In comparison with the ecological exigencies of forest species, there is a great diversity of degraded lands that are suitable for the culture of some species of shrubs. The most affected and unproductive lands (eroded land or landslide) can be improved and enhanced by using sea buckthorn plantations (Hippophae rhamnoides L.). The objectives of this article were to identify the categories of degraded fields that are suitable for the culture of sea buckthorn together with the used forestry amelioration technologies and to emphasize the ameliorative effects and the sea buckthorn culture’s efficiency in regard with site conditions. The research has shown that mixtures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and European black pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. nigra) with sea buckthorn or pine plantations on consolidated lands with sea buckthorn, led to significant increases growth of pines compared to pure cultures of pine, as a result of enrichment in soil nitrogen due to the symbiosis with the mycorrhizal fungus (Frankia). The investigations realized on parcels created especially for the study of leakages and installed on pine and sea buckthorn cultures (Bârseşti perimeter) have proved that the precipitation water leakages is of 4 up to 10 times lower in the degraded pastures and the erosion’s quantum is of 0.05-0.5 mc/year/ha in comparison with over 50 mc/year/ha, in pastures and empty fields. Beside their soil improvement and field stabilization role (by reducing leakages and erosion), the sea buckthorn cultures have also important economic benefits, as their fruits that are highly valued in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

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Published in Scientific Papers. Series "AgroLife Journal", Vol. 4 ISSUE 1
Written by Mihai Valentin HERBEI, Florin SALA

Remote sensing is of great interest for the study and characterization of the vegetation and of the agricultural crops, in order to monitor them and to develop predictable patterns regarding the evolution of the crops and also for the purpose of the decision making process in real time. The main purpose of this research was the study of the sunflower crops dynamics based on spectral information obtained from satellite images. Vegetation dynamics was differently expressed by the indexes NDVI, NDBR and NDMI determined based on spectral information. NDVI has registered an ascending slope since the beginning of the vegetation period until the flowering (65 BBCH code) when the maximum value was recorded (NDVIGS6 = 0.4074). Later the distribution of this indicator recorded a descending slope until the physiological maturity. NDVI in correlation with the NIR band had lower values in the stages 12-14 BBCH code (p<0.01; R2 = 0.642) and 80-81 BBCH code (p<0.01; R2 = 0.605) and higher values at flowering stage, 65 BBCH code (p<0.01; R2 = 0.966), and physiological maturity, 92-97 BBCH code (p<0.01; R2 = 0.993; F = 3148.2). NDVI index has most closely correlated with vegetation phenophases and it highlighted, by the different level of correlation with the spectral information, the dynamics and variability in the sunflower crop.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 7, Number 1
Written by Doru Gabriel EPURE, Cristian Florinel CIOINEAG, Marius BECHERITU, Carmen GAIDAU, Emil STEPAN, Mihai GÎDEA

Sowing seeds of cereals (wheat, barley, rye, oats) in drought soil results in a low emergence rate of sprouts, mainly by low moist content of soil. Using collagen hydrolysate solution resulting from leather industry by-products for treatment of cereal seeds increases germination rate and energy of germination rate. To be effective, the seed treatment must ensure enough moisture at seed surface and must not dissolve into soil solution. This paper aims at presenting new collagen-based materials for cereal seed treatment, which generates an increase of the quality indicators for treated seeds. Creation of a new and advanced technology for treatment of cereal seeds, by using collagen hydrolysate, has the objectives of increasing seed quality indexes; achieving a better management of water resources during germination processes, while preserving the environment. The technologies developed for protein raw material processing and characteristics of collagen hydrolysates with bioactive properties are presented. The obtained collagen hydrolysates were analyzed in terms of average molecular weights by electrophoresis, and in terms of particle size by DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) using a Zeta Sizer device and the amino acid composition of collagen hydrolysates, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The cereal seeds treated with collagen hydrolysates have been analyzed using a special high-resolution tomography device in order to observe the morphological modification of seeds in germination process and an HPLC device was used for chemical modification in seed composition during germination process. High levels of Gibberellic Acid content have been observed on the seeds treated with collagen hydrolysate in comparison with untreated seeds during germination process. High biomass of cereal seedling has been measured for seeds treated with collagen hydrolysate in comparison with untreated seeds.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 5, Number 2
Written by Veronica TANASA, Radu I. TANASA, Madalina DOLTU, Gabriela HRISTEA, Narcisa BĂBEANU

In order to develop immunoassays for pesticides detection, this work describes the choice of three different haptens that present structural similarity to benzimidazole molecule, methods for coupling them with two carrier proteins in order to make them immunogenic, a protocol for immunization of laboratory rodents with hapten-carrier complexes, and the evaluation of the specific antibody responses against haptens using an in-house developed immunoassay. Three carbendazim (methyl 2-benzimidazole-carbamate) derivatives bearing different functional reactive groups (-NH2, -SH and -COOH), namely 2-(2-Aminoethyl) benzimidazole (AEB),2-Mercaptobenzimidazole (2MB) and 2-Benzimidazole propionic acid (BPA), were coupled to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) and bovine serum albumin(BSA), respectively, mixed with immuno-adjuvants, and injected four times into Balb/C mice and Wistar rats for induction of specific immune responses.All three chemicals elicited a specific but weak antibodies response upon immunization with hapten-KLH complexes followed by serological testing by indirect ELISA with hapten-BSA complexes, and showed detectabledifferences in antibody titers with regard to number of inoculations, hapten structure and animal species. Whereas the AEB-KLH complex was the strongest, the 2MB-KLH complex was the weakest immunogenic in mice. However, the best animal responders allow the application of technologies for getting monoclonal antibodies against benzimidazoles, which can then be used for immunoassays development.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 5, Number 1
Written by Sabrina Maria ANUȚESCU, Marius Cătălin BUZATU, Alexandra GRUIANU, Jennifer BELLAW, Ioan Liviu MITREA, Mariana IONIȚĂ

Strongyle parasites infecting grazing horses have different pathogenity potentials. For this reason, strongyle eggs with horse feces need to be differentiated into small and large strongyle species, usually by means of larval cultivation and subsequent microscopicidentification of third- stage larvae. The present study aims to provide an analysis of the strongyle populations composition based on different morphotypes of third stage strongyle larvae in naturally infected horses. In this regard, a coprological study was carried out to investigate the diversity of strongyle species in naturally infected working horses, in Northeastern Romania. For this, individual faecal samples were collected and examined qualitatively for parasitic infection, using a sodium chloride flotation method, and quantitatively for faecal strongyle egg count (eggs per gram - EPG), by a modified McMaster technique. Further larval cultures were performed from pooled positive samples for the identification of third-stage larvae (L3) of strongyle nematodes. All samples were positive for strongyle eggs,with an intensity rate varying from 50 to 2450 EPG. Larval identification showed mixed strongyle populations, with the following structure: small strongyles (92.9%), represented by the cyathostomin larvae type A (62%), type C (18.6%), type F (8.5%, and Gyalocephalus capitatus (3.8%), and large strongyles (4.5%) species, such as Oesophagodontus robustus (2.6%) and Craterostomum acuticaudatum (1.9%). Out of the total number of counted larvae, 2.6% could not be identified. The present study emphasizes that use of larval cultures allows a proper assessment of mixed strongyle populations in horses and it might represent an useful tool for further investigations into the epidemiology of equine strongyle infections in Romania.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 5, Number 2
Written by Adrian APOSTOL, Cornelia Ioana ALDEA

The spline interpolation presume to find a set of polynomials of first degree (linear), second degree (parabolic), third degree (cubic), which are defined on an interval, and their connection on the ends of intervals makes, by imposing that these functions has to be continuous on point, to be smooth and without the inflections points. Mathematically presume as their derivatives of first and second order to the left and to the right of point to be in their turn and then continuous. Considering as the limnimetric key (dependence on the level of a river section in relation to the discharge which flow through section) is a smooth curve end with continuous growth (all ensemble that define the general curve must be monotonous), impose the additional conditions on monotony and flexion polynomials and in their interval by operating, not only in connection node of interpolation. If the first derivative of a polynomial is positive on an interval and if the interval which operate the spline polynomial with positive variation of the first derivative, then the spline function in that interval is monotone increasing. If the second derivative of a polynomial spline in the interval of definition a function does not change of sign, and the spline polynomial of interval not present the inflexions, then, the second derivative of a polynomial spline has not the roots in within the interval in which it operates.

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Published in AgroLife Scientific Journal, Volume 7, Number 1
Written by Abun, Tuti WIDJASTUTI, Kiki HAETAMI, Denny RUSMANA, Deny SAEFULHADJAR

The aim of research for getting optimization of condition of process (doze of chemical or microbial and time of processing) on the stage of deproteination and demineralization as chemical and biological on protein and mineral liquefy from chitin extract. The product of chitin extract used as feed supplement for getting optimize level in ration on digestibility value and performance at broiler. The research conducted in three stages using experimental method at Laboratory. The first stage used Nested Design (3x3) consisted three replication. The second and third stage used Completely Randomized Design consisted eight treatments and four. Variables which examined in first stage were the contents of protein, calcium, and phosphor liquefy at liquid product of chitin extract; The second stage were digestibility of dry matter, protein, and organic matter; The third stage: consumption of ration, gain of body weight, and conversion of ration at broiler. The Results were analyzed by variance and deference of chitin extract of wasteshrimp as biological through deproteination processed with Bacillus licheniformis at doze 4% time 48 hour, and followed demineralization with Aspergillus niger at doze 2% time 48 hour result the best of protein and mineral liquefy. Liquid product of chitin extract as biological can be feed supplement, and were used about 3% in ration at broiler for result optimized digestibility value and performance.

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